The house of wisdom

The place of intelligence The House of Wisdom Contextual analysis: Al-Khwarizmi. Abu Jafar Al-Mansur was playing it safe with his new magnificent capital, Baghdad, for this was to be a city like no other. The second Abbasid caliph of the Muslims requested his draftsmen to stamp the design of the dividers of his proposed city, an ideal hover, with regards to the geometric lessons of the caliphs cherished Euclid, the incomparable Greek mathematician who lived in the fourth and third hundreds of years B.C, and was represented considerable authority in geometry (Hayhurst). Twelve years before work started on the capital, al-Mansurs sibling Saffah finished the topple of the Umayyad line, which has ascended to control in the Muslim world three decades after the passing of the Prophet Muhammed in 632. Saffah, sent his powers under the Abbasids particular dark standards to chase down the rest of the individuals from the House of the Umayyads. The main critical figure to get away from alive was Prince Abd al-Rahman, who fled to North Africa before proceeding to set up Wes tern Caliphate in southern Spain. In any case, the triumph of the Abbasids, who discovered it politically conceivable to pronounce their immediate ancestry to the Prophet through his fatherly uncle Abbas, was less a blood question between a maturing administration and a goal-oriented actor that it was a broad social unrest all through the Islamic terrains. Al-Mansurs youthful court was for all intents and purposes encompassed by built up focuses of Christian, Persian, and agnostic learning; then again, he needed to go searching for one significant component of what may be called Abbasid scholarly approach. At the caliphs greeting, an Indian insightful assignment talented in the developments of the beginnings showed up in Baghdad bearing Hindu logical writings, a significant hopping off point for early Arab space science and arithmetic. The Hindu sages saw how to settle conditions dependent on trigonometric sine work and had contrived shrewd approaches to foresee shrouds. The caliph requested an official interpretation of the Hindu material into Arabic, some portion of an inexorably composed exertion to ingest Persian and Indian information. This equivalent methodology, joined by much unique examination was soon a short time later applied with the old learning of the Greeks (Lyons). The Umayyads laid the foundation for logical request, yet quite a bit of their initial spotlight was on inquiries of Islamic law and the act of medication, a field where they, similar to their replacements, depended vigorously on Christian doctors from Syria and Persia. The Abbasid caliphs delibrately pushed back these limits to make more space for the investigation of both way of thinking and the hard sciences. As per the Arab history specialist Said al-Andalusi, who kicked the bucket in 1070, a significant part of the credit for this goes to the author of Baghdad:There was a flood in soul and an enlivening in knowledge. The first of this line to develop science was the subsequent caliph, Abu Jafar al-Mansur. He was, notwithstanding his significant information on rationale and law, extremely keen on theory and observational stargazing; he was enamored with both and of the individuals who worked in these fields (Lyons). Another writer takes note of that the caliph coordinated various outside interpretations into Arabic, including exemplary works of Hindu, Persian, and Greek researchers, and set the bearing for future exploration. Once possessing these books, the open read and examined them eagerly. (Lyons) To have the tremendous size of work expected to contemplate, interpret, and store the enormous volume of Persian and Greek writings, al-Mansur built up an illustrious library displayed after those of the incomparable Persian lords. Working space, managerial help, along with budgetary help were additionally required for the little armed force of researchers who take up these assignments and afterward expand on them in innovative and unique manners. This was the inception of what got known as Bayt al Hikma or the House of Wisdom the aggregate institutional and royal articulation of early Abbasid scholarly aspiration and authority state strategy. Additional time, the House of Wisdom came to involve an interpretation authority, a library and book vault, and a foundation of researchers and erudite people from over the realm. Its superseding capacity, be that as it may, was the defending on priceless information, a reality reflected in different terms applied now and again by Middle Easter ner students of history to depict the undertaking, for example, the Treasury of the Books of Wisdom or essentially the Treasury of Wisdom. Specialists associated with the royal organization staffed the caliphs observatory also and participated in logical tests at his order. Be that as it may, the House of Wisdom likewise assumed a significant job in the development of Abbasid abstract works (Lyons). Huge wholes of open assets were devoted to the House of Wisdom and related tasks of social and scholarly improvement. Indeed, even discretion and now and again war, was outfit to the drive for more prominent information. Abbasid designations to the opponent Byzantine court regularly passed on demands for duplicates of important Greek writings, effectively making sure about works by Plato, Aristotle, Hippocrates, Galen, and Euclid; a duplicate of Ptolemys cosmic magnum opus before long got celebrated among the Arabs. The persuasive ninth-century researcher and interpreter Hunaun ibn Ishaq gives a sample of the length to which the Arab sages would go to acquire important material, for this situation a missing clinical original copy: I myself looked with extraordinary energy in journey of this book over Mesopotamia, the entirety of Syria, Palestine and Egypt, until I came to Alexandria. I didn't discover anything, aside from about portion of it, in Damascus (Lyons). The caliphs and their authorities were by all account not the only ones behind this battle. The exertion turned into a necessary component of the Abbasid society itself and was bolstered energetically by the social and political first class, from high conceived sovereigns to dealers, financiers, and military officials. Indeed, even the mistresses of the caliphs were known now and again to contract with researchers for specific interpretations. A previous outlaw and beloved companion of Caliph al-Mamun, the seventh Abbasid ruler, transformed his own office for crystal gazing into tremendous political influence and riches; he later fathered three kids, known as the Sons of Musa, every one of whom did unique exploration in stargazing, science, and designing and liberally subsidized different researchers and interpreters. Grants and other scholarly exercises turned into a significant methods for social headway, further separating what survived from the Arabs conventional chain of importance. They likewise empowered rivalry for support among researchers from various conventions, essentially Arab and Persian, a wonder that guaranteed that top notch logical and scholarly work would be done for quite a long time. The most talented interpreter could win colossal totals of their work one was rumored to have been paid the heaviness of each finished composition in gold or ascend to high office on the quality of their scholarly achievements. Without this institutional help, the impressive abilities of the different researchers now under Abbasid rule could never have joined into an amazing scholarly development. Through the span of 150 years, the Arabs interpreted all accessible Greek books of science and theory. Arabic supplanted Greek as the all inclusive language of logical request. Advanced education turned out to be progressively sorted out in the early ninth century, and most significant Muslim urban communities included some kind of college. One such foundation, al-Azhar mosque complex in Cairo, has been the seat of continuous guidance for more than one thousand years. Researchers made a trip huge spans to concentrate with the most praised experts, specked all through the realm. Travel, and the going with introduction to new encounters and better approaches for speculation, was a significant component of a researchers training in a general public that held incredible veneration for the expressed word; other than up close and personal, by what other method could a scholarly man meet his associates and gather and discussion their thoughts? Nobody accomplished more to propel the most recent patterns and afterward clarify and advocate the outcomes than the mathematician and stargazer Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi. Conceived around 783, al-Khwarizmi had the option to exploit the social versatility and scholarly meritocracy that portrayed early Abbasid insightful life in Baghdad. Little is known about his careful roots, in spite of the fact that his name recommends that he or his family initially originated from Khwarazm. Al-Khwarizmis Muslim confidence is clarified by the devout introductions to a portion of his works, however his relatives may have been Zoroastrians. Al-Khwarizmis long periods of most noteworthy profitability compared with the rules of the Abbasid caliph Al-Mamun and his two replacements Al-Mutasem and Al-Wathiq. As a conspicuous specialist connected to al-Mamuns House of Wisdom, al-Khwarizmi proceeded to accomplish uncommon statures in such teaches as space science, number juggling, and polynomial math . He was considered at the leader of the organization (Sayili). Al-Khwarizmi is known to be the writer of the zij, a book containing cosmic tables. His initial two tables were known as the Sindhind. The zij furnished the Muslims with all the devices expected to find the places of the sun, the moon, and the five noticeable planets. The zij was utilized by and large to control the five every day supplications and to check the sickle moon which decides the beginning of the lunar month. Al-Khwarizmis Arabic content has been lost, however it gets by in twelfth century Latin interpretation. There exists the confirmation that the supposed Arabic numerals were passed on toward the West. For Muslims, The Book of Addition and Subtraction clarified completely a framework that was at that point in some utilization by the early ninth century, and inside somewhat more than 100 years it had prompted the disclosure of decimal portions. All things considered, the book was known as the Book of Addition and Subtraction to the Hindu Calculations, and this uncovers M uslims were available to numerous civic establishments and they fabricated their insight upon more seasoned developments and logical revelations. The Indians we

Examples of Annotated Bibliography on Obesity The Latest Studies for Your Research Paper

Instances of Annotated Bibliography on Obesity The Latest Studies for Your Research Paper Simply envision that as you read this article, each subsequent grown-up and each 6th kid are experiencing overabundance weight right now. The US, New Zealand, Mexico and Hungary are the nations with the most elevated corpulence rates among grown-ups, and the overweight effects their citizen’s societal position just as the physical and mental state. In this way, it’s quite wonder on the off chance that you get a composing task on stoutness where you need to explore one or a few parts of this destined to-be worldwide issue. On the off chance that you likewise get an assignment to deliver a clarified book reference for your paper, don’t stress. It’s not that troublesome as it appears on the off chance that you get your direction in all the principles for finishing it appropriately. Furthermore, we in our turn will give you a few instances of the explained reference index on heftiness with the goal that you could see those guidelines utilized by and by. Additionally, we will give them in 2 principle reference styles: MLA and APA. Appreciate! MLA Asibekyan Stella, Garvey Timothy. â€Å"Obesity and Cardiometabolic Disease †More than Meets the Eye.† Nature Reviews Endocrinology (2017) The work endeavors to discover an association among heftiness and diabetes of the subsequent kind. This issue has been investigated, thought of and bantered by various researchers during years. The way that this association exists even in principle causes one to think about his/her eating regimen and dietary patterns. That’s why it’s so imperative to remember this exploration for the paper as it adds weight to the words that stoutness is awful for your wellbeing. James Yeh, Robert Kushner, Gordon Schiff. â€Å"Obesity and Management of Weight Loss.† The New England Journal of Medicine. 375 (2016): 1187-1189 The article analyzes two kinds of the weight reduction one of which incorporates utilizing medication while another reprimands the suspicious â€Å"healthy† nature of the medication inclusion. The two of them give important contentions to and against medication usage and give extraordinary bits of knowledge into the life of fat individuals who attempt to lose the overabundance weight. APA Apovian, C. (2016). The Obesity Epidemic †Understanding the Disease and the Treatment. Britain Journal of Medicine. 375: 177-179 The examination centers around the numbers and measurements on weight that recently have developed definitely. It is searching for the best treatment in such a circumstance which isn't a simple undertaking †e.g., weight reduction medication has been tried on grown-ups, yet kids and young people have never taken an interest in tests, accordingly can’t be dealt with along these lines. This investigation shows the general intricacy and gravity of the weight circumstance which significantly assists with depicting the present situation. Fuchs Florent, Senat Marie-Victorie, Rey Evelyne. (2017). Effect of Maternal Obesity on the Incidence of Pregnancy Complications in France and Canada. Logical Reports 7. 10859 The examination uncovers the outcomes of corpulence for pregnant ladies in the wake of leading a far reaching research from 2009 to 2011 among in excess of 46 000 conveyances in Canada and France. Their discoveries present the association among heftiness and HDP ( a hypertensive issue of pregnancy), macrosomia and cesarean conveyance. This examination assists with featuring the risks of overweight for a specific gathering of ladies which enhances the announcements in our paper. These models will push you to: See the examples of the correct arranging; Discover more data on weight; Look at how the explanations are composed. 3 at the cost of one †and you should simply to go through 10 minutes on perusing our article. You are welcome. Appreciate!

Howard Zinn Essay Example

Howard Zinn Essay At the point when he got back, he turned in the entirety of his awards he earned and composed Never Again. Howard Zion truly had three significant achievements throughout his life. His social liberties move meet, his enemy of war development, and a distribution of A Peoples History of the United States. Body Zion was energetic about being a piece of history and did as such by aiding In the call rights development. A. He turned into an Adult Adviser to the Student Nonviolence t Coordinating Committee and walked for call rights with his understudies. B. He Ana numerous gatherings Witt call RL tenant farmers and youngsters who were engaged with the development. Ants pioneers Ana C. He took numerous notes on what happened today and recorded the history being made. Howard Zion restricted to militarism. A. He committed 50 years contradicting at home. He tried to do he said others should do and Joined many picket lines of striking laborers. B. He supported and worked with the counter war development to construct the most grounded restriction to the Iraq intrusion and different colonialists wars. C. One of the most recollected dates he walked he w repetition I will walk March, 17 with my significant other, with companions, to communicate our solidarity with those individuals everywhere throughout the nation who request that the United States bring our troop s once more from Iraq. We have to clarify that the democrats in congress that we anticipate that intense activity from them should stop the war, to spare existences of Americans and Iraqis, and utilize the huge aggregates squandered on war to serve the necessities of individuals. Howard Zion composed a history reading material A Peoples History of the United States. A. We will compose a custom exposition test on Howard Zinn explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom paper test on Howard Zinn explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on Howard Zinn explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer This book gave different points of view of American H story and was a finalists for the National Book Award in 1981. B. Let portrays the battles of Native Americans increases European and U. S. Successes and development, slaves against bondage, unionists and to her laborers against business people, ladies against man centric, and African American common RI sights. C. The Zion Education Project was begun in view of the is book. It was propelled to help instructors utilizing A Peoples History of the United Sat sees. End Civil rights were in the long run set up. Individuals are as yet attempting to get the soldiers brought HTH home right up 'til today. Zions works and distributions are perused constantly. Howard Zion heel peed in being a major piece of numerous incredible developments and works. He was an incredible man numerous Poe supplication acknowledged and revered. Zion impacts millions who have perused his work and have been motivated by his activity s. He left us with these empowering words: We dont need to hang tight for some excellent idealistic future. What's to come is a perpetual progression of presents, and to live now as we might suspect people would live, in insubordination of all that is awful around us, is itself a brilliant triumph.

The Return Midnight Chapter 44 Free Essays

On the smal est moon of the Nether World fine debris was fal ing. It fel on two as of now debris secured bodies. It fel on debris stifled water. We will compose a custom paper test on The Return: Midnight Chapter 44 or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now It obstructed the daylight so a perpetual 12 PM secured the moon’s debris covered surface. What's more, something different fel . In the smal est possible beads, an opalescent liquid fel , hues twirling as though to attempt to compensate for the offensiveness of the remains. They were little drops, however there were tril particles upon tril particles of them, fal ing interminably, thought over the spot where they had once been a piece of the biggest compartment of crude Power in three measurements. There was a body on the ground on this spot †not exactly a body. The body had no heartbeat; it didn't inhale, and there was no cerebrum action. However, some place in it there was a moderate beating, that animated marginally as the modest drops of Power fel upon it. The beating was comprised of only a memory. The memory of a young lady with dull blue eyes and brilliant hair and a smal face with wide earthy colored eyes. Also, the taste: the flavor of two maidens’tears. Elena. Bonnie. Putting both of them together they shaped what was not actually an idea, not actually an image. In any case, to somebody who just got words, it may be deciphered: They are wiating for me. In the event that I can make sense of who I am. What's more, that started a wild assurance. After what appeared as though hundreds of years yet was just a couple of hours, something moved in the debris. A clench hand gripped. Furthermore, something blended in the cerebrum, a self-disclosure. A name. Damon. Step by step instructions to refer to The Return: Midnight Chapter 44, Essay models

Address Ap Language and Composition Challenges With Two Approaches

Address Ap Language and Composition Challenges With Two ApproachesWhile attempting to address Ap language and composition challenges, many students appear in essay samples with a heavy accent. Since most individuals use the same accented letters and words, a student will almost always find these samples lacking. The following paragraphs discuss a few tips for addressing Ap language and composition challenges.A study by Dr. D.A. Demantle of Oregon's Appel's Dyslexia Center found that approximately 40% of the community in Eugene, Oregon have an accent. This statistic has been confirmed in several other areas. It is possible that these students are in fact dealing with a language and composition challenges.One way to handle Ap language and composition challenges is to decide whether you need a PhD dissertation or a MOOC course to help you deal with your Ap difficulties. If the PhD dissertation course provides more support, then a test may be unnecessary. Even if a test would be necessar y, an effective test could be made available. It could take the form of a conversation where the students attempt to complete dialogue in American English. Some students have successfully used this tool in an essay format.The second approach is to determine which speech format you would prefer. There are no two ways about it: accents are annoying. Those students that have an accent have a difficult time in speaking. As you can imagine, the harder the accent is, the harder it is to hear what the person is saying. A very good way to handle this type of challenge is to use the English auxiliary verbs: so, so forth, to try to eliminate the accent.The third approach is to determine the speech format that would be easiest for you to handle. By 'easier', I mean that this arrangement of syllables will be easy for you to pronounce, particularly in speech. Of course, this is not a hard-and-fast rule. However, the key factor is to be consistent in your use of the proper pitch on every word in your speech.By now, I hope you realize that there are two main approaches to addressing Ap language and composition challenges. You can choose to tackle either a PhD dissertation or a MOOC course, or you can eliminate the accent entirely and write the essay using only one voice. Your writing style is what will decide which approach you take. Here are the guidelines for handling this issue.Just as there are two approaches to addressing Ap language and composition challenges, there are also two main strategies to choose from when dealing with this challenge. For PhD students, there are PhD dissertation test solutions available that you can use, or you can eliminate the accent. If you choose to eliminate the accent, you will need to make sure that the test is easy enough for you to handle.In conclusion, the best approach to addressing Ap language and composition challenges is to pick a plan that addresses both your needs and your situation. Identify the proper voice, and make sure that the content is specific enough for you to convey your point of view. Then, write the essay as if you are addressing a PhD dissertation.

14 Surprising (and Funny) Things We Forgot to Teach Our College-Bound Kids

Parents often concentrate on specific areas when they impart wisdom on their college-bound children. Many of the most commonly shared tips focus on academic success, while others include tips on navigating common social situations and being safe while out and about.While all of those things are important, they arent the only things teens need to know as they prepare to head out to college. Many critical life lessons get overlooked accidentally, and most parents dont even realize they didnt teach a crucial skill until a situation (at times, a humorous one) brings it to light.Here is a look at 14 surprising things parents frequently forget to teach their college-bound kids.Contents1 Automotive Skills1.1 1. How to Remove a Gas Cap1.2 2. How to Check the Oil in a Car (and Other Basic Maintenance)1.3 3. That the Key Can Open the Door2 Paperwork, Letters, and Legal Document Requirements2.1 4. You Cant Use Pencil (or Many Colored Pens)2.2 5. How to Address a Letter and Handle Postage2.3 6. How to Deal with Paper Checks2.4 7. How to Create a Budget (and Other Personal Finance Skills)3 Landline Telephones3.1 8. Not Knowing That Landline Phones Dont Hang Themselves Up3.2 9. What a Busy Signal Sounds Like3.3 10. The Term Pound Key3.4 11. Dialing 1 Before Phone Numbers4 Other Life Skills4.1 12. How to Read an Analog Clock4.2 13. Using a Manual Can Opener4.3 14. Dealing with CursiveAutomotive SkillsMost college-bound children know how to drive a car. But, that doesnt mean they know everything about operating a vehicle. As a result, they may find themselves in a bind simply because they didnt learn a few of the basics, including:1. How to Remove a Gas CapUnless a college-bound student has their own car and already fills their own gas tank, you dont want to assume they actually know how to handle this everyday task. Some teens dont know how to open the door that guards the tank (or where it is on the vehicle) or how to remove the gas cap unless a parent or friend shows them. And, since it is such a mundane activity for most adults, it is an easy life skill to overlook.2. How to Check the Oil in a Car (and Other Basic Maintenance)Heres another task that many parents simply forget to teach their teens. Some teens arent even aware oil levels need to be monitored or that oil needs to be changed on a specific schedule. The same can go for other basic maintenance, like tire rotations, brake pad replacements, and more.While most of the information is in the vehicles manual, few teens have actually read one. This can create a big hole in their life skills knowledge unless a parent or friend tells them what needs to be done.3. That the Key Can Open the DoorSince most car doors can be unlocked with a button on a fob, many teens have never had to use a key to unlock their vehicle. If the battery on their key fob dies, they might not know they arent stranded until the battery is replaced.This isnt a situation that happens often. But, if you dont want your teen call ing for help because they think they cant get inside their car, it isnt a bad idea to point out that using the key is an option.Paperwork, Letters, and Legal Document RequirementsDigital technology allows for many forms of communication to be handled online, including everything from sending messages to completing documents. As a result, some teens dont understand a variety of basics when it comes to dealing with paperwork, letters, legal documents, and more, including:4. You Cant Use Pencil (or Many Colored Pens)Legal documents, background check forms, various job or scholarship applications, bank checks, and a range of other documents have to be completed with a pen. Usually, the ink has to be blue or black. Otherwise, the paperwork gets rejected.Since todays world is so incredibly digital, many teens havent encountered much paperwork. Unless they have been told that pencil or certain colored pen inks arent acceptable, they might get stuck having to redo some of their work when it gets rejected.5. How to Address a Letter and Handle PostageAnother side effect of digital communication is many college-bound teens dont send letters or packages themselves. Between email, messengers, and the ability to send a package straight from a retailer, a surprising number of teens havent had to address a single envelope or pay for postage through a shipping company.Most parents assume this is covered in school. While many students still go over how to address a letter, if the knowledge isnt used, it is typically lost. Similarly, if teens arent told how to pay to have a package they are sending shipped, they might assume this isnt a step they have to handle.6. How to Deal with Paper ChecksWhile banking apps have made depositing checks easier, not all teens know what to do if they receive a check. Some may not know how to endorse one, causing deposit attempts to fail. Others might not even realize it is their responsibility to deposit a check, assuming it acts more like a rec eipt for a digital transfer.Similarly, many teens dont know how to fill out a check. Even if most banks have bill pay options that handle it for them or they can pay their bills online with a credit or debit card, not knowing how to write a check could lead to some less than ideal situations.This is another area where parents need to make sure their children know what to do. By and large, depositing and writing checks (and many other everyday banking activities) arent taught in school, and a teens peers may be as clueless about checks as they are.7. How to Create a Budget (and Other Personal Finance Skills)Most schools dont teach students much (if anything) about how to create a budget. Most teens rely on banking apps to track how much money they have, an approach that isnt always accurate depending on pending transactions, and struggle to plan when they need to cover upcoming expenses. Similarly, many college-bound students arent familiar with other personal finance concepts, like calculating interest, because they werent taught in school.This is one area where not teaching your student could create a dire situation. Parents should take the time to show their teens how to create a budget and make sure they understand how interest works, what a credit score means, and more.Landline TelephonesMany homes gave up their landline telephones once mobile plans became affordable or started offering unlimited talk. In some cases, teens have barely used landline phones, so they dont always know exactly how they work. This can lead to some pretty humorous mistakes, including:8. Not Knowing That Landline Phones Dont Hang Themselves UpMobile phones will disconnect themselves from a call completely if either caller hangs up, but landlines dont work that way. If one caller hangs up, a landline may stay on the line, usually results in an obnoxious tone after a few seconds.A surprising number of teens dont realize they have to hang up a landline phone (especially if it is cord less). While this isnt a problem that should come up often, if they have a desk job, it might happen more often than a parent would think.9. What a Busy Signal Sounds LikeWhen a person calls a mobile phone, if that line is in use, the caller might hear a beep while the phone rings to tell them the recipient is on another call and then gets routed to voicemail. Even many landlines send a call to voicemail if the line is busy. As a result, many teens have never heard an actual busy signal and might have no clue what that sound means if they do encounter it.10. The Term Pound KeyMany automated systems ask callers to input information, like an account number, and then hit the pound key to indicate they are done with the entry. However, thanks to social media, many teens know that symbol as a hashtag and dont realize that it is also the pound key.11. Dialing 1 Before Phone NumbersWith a cell phone, you dont have to dial 1 before a long distance number. The phone handles that part for the user, which is pretty convenient. But it also means many teens dont realize you have to do that part yourself on many landlines.Other Life SkillsThere are a variety of different life skills; many parents consider common sense that leaves teens perplexed, including:12. How to Read an Analog ClockThanks to digital technology, knowing how to read an analog clock isnt always common knowledge. Instead of having to decipher what the hands on the clocks face mean, people can glance at their phone screen and just read the numbers.Similarly, some teens dont know what phrases like a quarter to or half past a particular hour means. Unless a parent gives them this knowledge, even a college-bound student could struggle with telling the time when it isnt digital.13. Using a Manual Can OpenerAnother casualty of the increasing level of convenience many manufacturers build into their product; fewer teens have had to use a manual can opener. Instead, they expect to see pop tops, leaving them flummox ed if the can doesnt have a pull tab.14. Dealing with CursiveWhile one could debate whether being able to write in cursive is critical (barring possibly signatures on documents), many teens dont know how to read cursive either. Since they either never learned cursive or havent used it since earlier in their school career, they can struggle to decipher what words written in cursive say, especially if it has a lot of flourishes or each letter isnt incredibly clear.Ultimately, the list above shows just how easy it is for a college-bound student to end up with a knowledge gap. Parents should take a moment and consider what critical skills their teen may be missing, and then make an effort to teach them before they head off to school. Otherwise, parents shouldnt be surprised if they get some interesting emergency calls from their student in the near future.If you and your child would like to learn more about how to get started with scholarships, sign up for ourfree college scholarship we binar! Its a great way to learn about the process and how to identify opportunities that can help your student avoid debt while pursuing their education!Pin20RedditShareLeave a Comment

Case 33 †the Casino Industry in 2011 - 752 Words

Case 33 – The Casino Industry in 2011 Brant Davis Problem Summary The Las Vegas and Atlantic City locations have lost revenues in recent years. In addition to the economic slowdown, these gambling locations are also facing new competitors in the market that are providing attractive choices to the customers. Though there are some external forces beyond their control, it seems that attractiveness and accessibility are very important focus areas for these cities. Analysis Using the SWOT analysis, we can get a broad picture of the Las Vegas and Atlantic City locations. Some of the strengths of these two cities are; the variety of entertainment they offer, the accommodations available, the atmosphere delivered, and providing a†¦show more content†¦They also need to lure in people with discounts and free complimentary benefits so that when the customers arrive, they can justify spending money on the entertainment. Finally, they need to have patience while staying aggressive. The economy is bound to improve, but they can’t just throw money into new buildings that people won’t travel to. They should slow some of the growth for the next few years and focus on advertising what they have to offer. Customers shouldn’t have to learn about all the great stuff by arriving there, they should go there because of all the great stuff they have already heardShow MoreRelatedThe Digital Data Genesis And It s Impact On The Mgm Grand Casino Las Vegas ( Taylor )1056 Words   |  5 Pagesdigital data genesis phenomena. the amount of data that is used everyday speaks to the way that companies are evolving and businesses are updating. Our wiki will focus on the latest trend: the Digital Data Genesis and it s impact on the MGM Grand Casino-Las Vegas (Taylor). (Alyssa-Edited) Digital data can provide new opportunities for firms. Companies may have to deal with a high volume of transactional data, â€Å"capturing trillions of bytes of information about their customers and operations† (VitariRead MoreAnalysis Of Winston Churchill s The English Architectural Association1560 Words   |  7 Pageschance of actually imposing some behaviour to happen or not happen. These are not independent options: the insight that some behaviour is likely or unlikely to happen can be an outcome of learning ‘the hard way’ in the past. The way shops, hotels, casinos and theme parks, are set up, particularly larger developments where there is a possibility to plan more optimistically, can also make use of multiple aspects of positioning and layout to influence and control shoppers’ paths. Some of these structuresRead MoreDisney: Losing Magic in the Middle Kingdom16116 Words   |  65 Pages http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/hr/search/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1001051279 (accessed 11 June 2008). Penelope Chan prepared this case under the supervision of Professor Ali Farhoomand for class discussion. This case is not intended to show effective or ineffective handling of decision or business processes.  © 2010 by The Asia Case Research Centre, The University of Hong Kong. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means—electronic,Read MoreCase5831 Words   |  24 PagesUniversidad de la Sabana Escuela Ciencias Econà ³micas y Administrativas Mercadeo 2013 – 2 Case 4: From â€Å"Expect More† To â€Å"pay Less† Agosto 23 - 2013 * Camila Andrea Pinzà ³n Gà ³mez 201213506 WHAT IS ALL THIS CASE ABOUT? The principal idea of the case is examine Target, a discount retailer who was always known for their ‘cheap chic’, â€Å"Expect More, Pay Less† value proposition. The evaluation between BACKGROUND: Target Corporation originally the Dayton Dry Goods Company and later theRead MorePrimary Tourist Destinations of the World and an Evaluation of Receipts Generated3987 Words   |  16 Pagesclaiming 44.6 billion for 2010. Asia and the Pacific 187.6 billion with North-East Asia claiming 92.3 billion, South-East Asia claiming 51.3 billion, Oceania claiming 29.7 billion and South Asia claiming 14.2 billion for 2010. (UNWTO Tourism Highlights, 2011) The Americas stated 137.4 billion in tourist income in 2010 and specifically with North American claiming 98.9 billion for 2010, the Caribbean claiming 17.8 billion for 2010, Central America claiming 5.1 billion for 2010, and South American claimingRead Moreeconomic15014 Words   |  61 PagesChapter 9 Functional Area and Compliance Systems Quick Look Case 1, Opening Case: International Speedway Gets Lean 9.1 Management Levels and Functional Systems 9.2 Manufacturing, Production, and Transportation Systems 9.3 Sales and Marketing Systems 9.4 Accounting, Finance, and Compliance Systems 9.5 Human Resources Systems, Compliance, and Ethics Key Terms Chapter 9 Link Library Evaluate and Expand Your Learning †¢ IT and Data Management Decisions †¢ Questions for DiscussionRead MoreOrganization Overview of Universal Health Services Inc5308 Words   |  21 Pageshospitals. Industry Type In the industry, he Universal Health Services Inc. is a type of industry with a strategy that plans on building or buying healthcare properties that are a part of a rapidly-growing marketplace and build a sturdy franchise that is founded on excellent service and real cost control. The business owes its most of its success to a receptive management method and to a service viewpoint that is founded on honesty, capability and compassion. The healthcare industry with this businessRead MoreSingapore Country Evaluation6503 Words   |  27 Pagesof non-Singaporeans. Over ten free trade agreements have been signed with other countries and regions. Singapore is a world leader in several economic areas: The country is the world s fourth leading financial centre, the world s second-biggest casino gambling market, one of the world s top three oil refining centres, the world s largest oil-rig producer, and a major ship-repairer. The port is one of the five busiest ports in the world. The World Bank has named Singapore as the easiest placeRead MoreOrlando International Airport Essay4523 Words   |  19 Pages(Hendery, 2013). Weakness Crippling Oil Prices and Fluctuating Profit Before the global downturn in air travel crippled the industry, the movement of world oil prices significantly affected Orlando International Airport. The Air Transport Association estimates that for every dollar increase in the price of jet fuel (a derivative product of crude oil), the US airlines industry (domestic and international) incurs an additional $445.0 million in fuel expenses. The consequences of these prices have beenRead MoreExploring How Employee Empowerment Impacts on Hotel Front Desk Operations7719 Words   |  31 PagesUNLV Theses/Dissertations/Professional Papers/Capstones 4-1-2011 Exploring how Employee Empowerment Impacts on Hotel Front Desk Operations Janggon Kim University of Nevada, Las Vegas Repository Citation Kim, Janggon, Exploring how Employee Empowerment Impacts on Hotel Front Desk Operations (2011). UNLV Theses/ Dissertations/Professional Papers/Capstones. Paper 1058. http://digitalcommons.library.unlv.edu/thesesdissertations/1058 This Professional Paper is brought to you for free

Anxieties And Other Effects Of War - 2060 Words

Anxieties and Other Effects of War Naturally, a person who is facing anxiety might pull away from conditions that have triggered similar feelings in the past. Anxieties are of different types including existential anxiety which results from facing an existential crisis, angst, and nihilistic feelings. Other categories of anxiety are test anxiety, stage fright, stage fright, and somatic anxiety. Stranger anxiety and social anxiety occur when a person is around strangers (Karam 193). Anxieties and its effects evident in Cormac McCarthy s, The Road are both short term and long term and include food shortage, repercussions of war, and extreme fear. Unlike trivial anxieties in the day to day world, those of a post-apocalyptic situation are long lasting and some never end and require only love and family to heal. Love The unnamed father in The Road takes care of his son with a lot of love. The young boy and his father love and care for each other all the time to control their anxiety. The boy hangs on to him all the time in fear of the unknown. The small boy seeks refuge and love from his father. When the father attempts to leave the boy to go and look for firewood, the boy cries and claim that he is afraid to be left alone. This depicts the fear he feels, especially if he is left alone. The young boy keeps clutching on his fathers coat for safety (McCarthy 34). The father carries the boy across the field, stopping to catch a breath every fifty steps. They wrap themselves inShow MoreRelatedPsychological Effects Of War On Children1235 Words   |  5 Pages Psychological Influence of War on Children Milan Patel Hammond High School Student AP Psychology Ms. Pfanstiehl May 23, 2016  ABSTRACT The purpose of this paper is to tell the reader how children are most influenced psychologically by war and that the psychological effects are more severe than those of physical, emotional, and social influences. Researches that were found in this projects includes: book, journal, websites, professional member of the APA, et al. Through further readingRead MoreThe Cold War On American Culture Essay1489 Words   |  6 PagesThe Cold War was a pivotal time in American history. To a greater degree than most other wars, the Cold War affected American society in unfathomable and profound ways. More specifically, American culture transformed immensely during this time. From a constant state of anxiety, to changes in media and the arts, to McCarthyism; the Cold War fervently affected the quality of life, personal expression, and American politics. Predominantly, the Cold War inflicted fear and apprehension within the AmericanRead MoreThe Causes of the First World War1166 Words   |  5 P agesThis question has formed part of the historiography of the causes of the First World War, a historical debate that has endured ever since the conflict ended. It periodically resurfaces with new theories being advanced such as the Fischer thesis, usually on account of the release of previously unseen documents or because of a shift in the political climate. It has emerged to the fore once again because this year is the centennial of the war’s outbreak and there are plans to commemorate it nationallyRead MoreThe Consequences of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder1621 Words   |  6 Pagesthe symptoms can come back when an event or the anniversary of the trauma triggers the memory of the traumatic event. Some of the traumas that cause post-traumatic stress disorder are rape, death of a family member, veterans that have fought in a war, a car accident, or even a child being attacked going home. People living within the same household of a PTSD victim, that goes without treatmen t, are at risk of becoming under such stress that they too are possible victims of PTSD. PTSD can happenRead MoreThe Deployment Of A Family Member1748 Words   |  7 Pagesour country continues to send more troops to Iraq and Afghanistan, and the effects on their families are becoming more severe. The deployment of a family member can definitely be a difficult time for loved ones. Currently, families are experiencing the affects of the deployment cycle and it is putting many people under a lot of emotional stress. More than 1.2 billion families have an active-duty parent or spouse (The Long War). Although it affects every family differently, the phases are all the sameRead MoreHow Does War Affect Children?1322 Words   |  5 PagesInnocent War How does war effect children? War affects children in all the ways, in fact they are the group who is the most victimized due to the war. For example, according to McMullen et al. said that almost about a billion of children live in countries that are at combat (1489). This means that many of our children are subject to the traumatic events due to the war. Children of war torn countries are often subject to post-traumatic stress. By better understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatmentRead MoreThe Effects Of Stress On People On The Front Line966 Words   |  4 Pages War has been a part of society since the beginnings of mankind up until modern day. One unfortunate aspect that inevitably comes with warfare is stress. Despite the long, insidious existence of war, little has been known about the effects of stress on people on the front line. Combatant soldiers endure extreme stress while on the battle field and even after returning home. Chronic stress under such environments ultimately results in disastrous changes in those who participate in war. As a soldierRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem The Dead By James Joyce1280 Words   |  6 Pages Tormented by the devastation wrought by World War I, individuals across the world struggled to communicate their experiences, thoughts, and sorrows in their fragmented societies. Authors such as James Joyce, T.S. Elliot, and Virginia Wolfe gave voice to these individuals through their implementation of a stream of consciousness writing style that became a key feature in the modernist literary movement. In hi s short story â€Å"The Dead†, the final tale in his collection Dubliners, James Joyce representsRead MoreClassifications for Anxiety Disorders Essay579 Words   |  3 PagesAre you or do you know someone, experiencing panic attacks or anxiety attacks? If so, it is important to be familiar with what these terms mean. Individuals frequently use panic and anxiety together, however; there are significant differences in the two and understanding the difference will make it easier to comprehend the relationship. Phobias are irrational fears that create interference within an individual’s daily routine. There are individuals who suffer from a phobia linked to pretty muchRead MoreZiek Sanchez. Massie And Perry . Pd. 3. April 12, 2017.1113 Words   |  5 PagesZiek Sanchez Massie and Perry Pd. 3 April 12, 2017 Post Traumatic Stress Disorder From The Vietnam War The Vietnam war was one of the most alarming and dangerous wars to fight. Every step in the Vietnam jungle was taken cautiously. The guerrilla warfare used by the Vietcong was frightening to anticipate. The majority of the United States army was only that of young men who had been chosen through the draft. Young men going to school and living a life at home in safety all the sudden having to make

Why The Elderly Should Not Drive Deals With Safely Concerns

We are all born with rights whether it may be from the federal government, state laws, or public policy. The issue of driving is one of the rights that has been a topic of dispute, especially the rights of the elderly population to drive. It’s not an easy topic but individuals may treat the issue as a dichotomy. We all age, that’s a fact of life, but at what point do we start giving the rights we were born with up. The act of driving is not a simple task but requires the integral of all body systems coming together to perform the activity. It is important to take into consideration that by taking away the right to drive for elderly individuals, we hinder their capacity to be members of the community. By limiting their interaction we contribute to the notion that elders cannot maintain a certain lifestyle. Once again, this topic should not be thought of in a black or white mentally. Reasons for why the elderly should not drive deals with safely concerns. According to Pad illa and colleagues by the year 2030 one in five American drivers will be someone that is 65 years of age or older. In 2008, elderly represented 15% of all traffic fatalities (Padilla, R., Byers-Connon, S., Lohman, H., 2012). For example, vision is needed to see other cars, the lack of vision can put people at risk for injuries or even cause a car accident. As the body begins to decline through the aging process a decrease in visual acuity, color discrimination, depth perception, figure ground, peripheralShow MoreRelatedAutonomous Vehicles1715 Words   |  7 Pagesare looking into a complete autonomous vehicle (AV). These are completely self-driving cars which the computer system controls every aspect of the drive. AVs have the potential to alter the landscape of driving like it has never been altered before. They have the potential to reduce the number of deadly crashes, provide transportation to elderly and disabled people and provide more capacity on the road. This paper will address the overall safety benefit of these vehicles. The firstRead MoreThe Dangers Of Underage Drinking2195 Words   |  9 Pagesby many people, as a normal part of growing up. The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism published a large number of national surveys, research, and stories having to deal with this growing issue. One of the largest problems that all researchers, which started studies of underage drinking, needed to know why young kids start drinking in the first place. The answer given by a large number of kids has to do with the environment they are in and the acceptance of their peers. Yet an environmentRead MoreUnit 4222-208 (Hsc 027) Essay12711 Words   |  51 Pagesemployees include the following: †¢ Non†employees not to be exposed to risks so far as is reasonably practicable; †¢ Non†employees to be provided with prescribed information which might affect their health and safety. In a Registered Care Home it should be especially noted that particular care must be exercised because so many aspects of the work involve the Health amp; Safety, not only of the employees, but also of the residents and the visiting public as well. †¢ others in the work setting Read MoreService Blueprint of Airlines4896 Words   |  20 Pageswhile making an online booking or if the customer has a problem, the effectiveness of the call centre staff is crucial. The availability of the customer service can be an important factor when a situation like that appears. The customer service should be well informed about the products of the company and also well trained in order to react properly in different situa- HOSPITALITY If there are any delays before the flight it is very important for the airline to provide hospitality to theRead MoreCustomer Care10655 Words   |  43 Pagesyou will need to search out and find information on a variety of topics. This will also include referring to the following tools: †¢ Handwashing Poster †¢ Crew Development Programme Manual †¢ Initial Training Cards †¢ Service OCLs (Dining Area, Service, Drive Thru) †¢ Hourly Paid Employee Handbook †¢ Cleanliness Report †¢ Cleaning equipment and chemicals e.g. brushes, mops, cloths, glass cleaner, etc. †¢ Accident Book †¢ Environment File †¢ Complaints Handling Guidelines Poster To help you throughout yourRead MoreTata Nano9220 Words   |  37 Pagesmarket research objective therefore pertains to the same. In this project the specific marketing research objective is two-fold: 1. What would be the important target segments for Tata Nano and what are their respective sizes? 2. What should be the positioning of Tata Nano for its target segments? Corresponding to these research objectives, there are several research problems like the following: 1. To find the likely profile of a customer buying Nano – demographics, income levelRead MoreMarketing Plan-Pet Sitting8101 Words   |  33 Pagesnonprofit and private businesses. While the Pet Care service is hypothetical and experiential in nature for the purposes of developing an academic related strategic marketing plan I will utilize my prior experiences for this business startup. Why a Pet Care service: I grew up with nearly every kind of animal: horses, rabbits, ducks, cows, dogs, chickens, geese, cats, goats, donkeys, hamsters, turtles, and even a turkey. While other family members considered there to be another primaryRead MoreThe Importance Of Proper Time Management Towards My Duty8311 Words   |  34 PagesHELEN GOMED’S JOURNAL Week 1 It was a stressful week because it was ANZAC holiday. Usually, the residents were expected to attend the ANZAC ceremony at 0900. Thus the showering and the cares should be finished before then. However, the list of residents assigned to me was one of the hardest ones because 8 out of 9 residents on that list were for shower and clothing assistance and I only have 2 hours to comply. It was quite impossible obviously due to the number of residents to be taking cared ofRead More5 Hour Energy Shot Business Proposal for the United Kingdom Expansion10942 Words   |  44 Pageshour ENERGY Shot Business Proposal for The United Kingdom Expansion November 17, 2012 Florida International University – MBA Class 2013 – Group 7 Table of Contents Executive Summary.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦.2 Which Product and Why?†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦4 Target Consumer Market†¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦6 Labor Cost, Availability†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦10 Macroeconomic condition†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã ¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦12 Technology...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreDefinition of Adolescent Development14194 Words   |  57 Pagesformula ‘no longer a child-not yet an adult’ vividly expresses the transitional character of adolescent life. It is a state in which the person has already broken with the happy age of childhood, but has not yet found himself in adult life. That is why the adolescent’s mind  is confused. The age of adolescence is marked by psychological manifestations that have caused it to be described as â€Å"an age of crisis and transition†. An adolescent is faced with several alternatives on account of his ‘conflicts

Blindness Or Low Vision, Cancer, And Alzheimer s Disease

Blindness or low vision is one of the most feared illness by Americans, ranking fourth after acquired immunodeficiency by syndrome, cancer, and Alzheimer’s disease. The National Eye Institute reports that blindness or low vision affect 3.3 million American 40 years and older, this number is projected to reach 5.5 million by 2020. As the U.S. population ages, the number of persons with major eye disease is increasing. Octogenarians currently make up 8 percent of the population, but they account for 69 percent of blindness. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) accounts for 54 percent of all blindness and is the leading cause of blindness among white Americans. Cataracts are the most prevalent eye disease in older persons and are the leading cause of blindness worldwide. Almost all persons in their 90s will have had a cataract surgery is the most common therapeutic surgical procedure reimbursed by Medicare, with more than 1.5 million operations performed annually. Diabetic reti nopathy is the leading cause of new blindness in U.S. adults 20 to 74 years of age. Low vision ranks behind arthritis and heart disease as the third most common chronic cause of impaired function in persons older than 70 years. Patients with vision impairment are more likely to fall, make medication errors, have depression, or report social isolation. With rehabilitation, many patients with impaired vision can attain independence, retain their jobs, and lessen their reliance on social services andShow MoreRelatedShould Marijuana Be Illegal Drugs?967 Words   |  4 Pagesmedicinal purposes. Marijuana is used worldwide to treat hundreds of illnesses. For example, marijuana can be used to treat and prevent the eye disease glaucoma. Glaucoma is a disease that increases pressure in the eyeball, damaging the optic nurse and causing loss of vision. The effects of the drug slows the progression of the disease preventing blindness. Marijuana usage can prevent epileptic seizures a 2003 study showed. Robert J. DeLorenzo of Virginia Commonwealth University gave marijuana extractRead MoreTherapeutic Effects And Healing Abilities Of The Drug That Help With Disease And Mental Illness1505 Words   |  7 Pagespharmaceutical medications we intake. Based on my research there are many therapeutic effects and healing abilities of the drug that help with disease and mental illness. People have developed and used marijuana for all intents and purposes since the start of written history. Cannabis-based materials dating to 7,000 B.C.E. have been recuperated in northern China, and the plant s utilization as a therapeutic and euphoric specialists go back about as far. The physical, therapeutic, and psychoactive effects aRead MoreEffects Of Long Term Space Flight1578 Words   |  7 PagesFor example, astronauts will see the significant changes in their body; their whole bodies will expand, the mass of their bones and muscles would lose, and some of them might have farsighted eyes. There will also be increase in risk of Alzheimer’s disease, damage in immune system and destroys of microbiomes. To build a better space environment, scientists have been working hard to find out what is causing the health issues and ways to solve them. They have done well-known researches such as â€Å"TwinsRead MoreMedical Marijuana Is A Drug Misunderstood By Many Nation Wide150 7 Words   |  7 Pagesdo not consider it s legitimate medicinal application. Medical marijuana defined by Drugfacts refers to the use of the whole unprocessed plant to treat a disease or illness. The Drug Enforcement Administration has listed it under the schedule I classification which is the same classification that heroin, LSD, ecstasy and many other drugs are under. The classification identifies the drug as a dangerous substance that has no recognized medicinal use as reported by the DEA. It s classification as aRead MoreEffects Of Long Term Space Flight1347 Words   |  6 PagesFinds that Space Flight Impacts Astronauts Eyes and Vision, American Academy of Ophthalmology, 2013) Problems found in astronaut’s eyes are not solved nor understood by scientists nowadays. And people concern that this would lead to more serious vision damage and even blindness in future Mars mission. To know more about what is causing this problem, NASA sent a high-resolution camera so that they can take pictures and learn more about the disease.(Kenneth Chang, 2014) The latest technology that hasRead MoreVirginia Woolf : An Omnivore Diet9176 Words   |  37 Pagesyou pleased for longer and less likely to reach for the snacks. Eating proper serving amounts of whole grains, vegetables, and fruits keep us fuller on fewer calories. A plant-based menu keeps blood pressure and cholesterol in check, keeping heart disease at bay. In addition, eat chickpeas, red-skinned peanuts, or oats. Why? These power foods have saponins, and their job is to wash out toxins from your body... Along with their antioxidant properties they help promote healthy cholesterol and a healthyRead MoreCaring for People with Additional Needs11935 Words   |  48 Pagesprocess and evaluate how it is used to access, plan, implement, monitor and review individual care plans. Definition of disability â€Å"A physical or mental impairment, which has a substantial and long-term adverse effect on a person s ability to carry out normal day-to-day activities.† (http://www.equalityni.org) [pic] What is a physical disability? People with physical disabilities, also known as disabled people or physically disabled people, have a physical impairment

Children With Hiv At An Early Age - 1513 Words

7.5 If I accompany a doctor to tell the child’s parents that their child has AIDS, I might be nervous and definitely feel empathetic. I have had several close friends get diagnosed with HIV at an early age. I would put myself in the parent’s shoes and try to think about how they are going to feel once they find out their child has AIDS. Prior to the meeting I would have find a non see though folder and try to collect some information that might be helpful to the parents such as counseling opportunity’s, more information about AIDS and how others have cope with their situation. I would also ask if the hospital chaplain could be on standby or accompany me us. Having a chaplain present can be very helpful because some people are religious and†¦show more content†¦7.7 If I learned that several people received a higher raise then me at my job, I would be extremely angry. Regardless of the amount, I would want an explanation. However I still have a job to do. I would complete the meeting with my client and try to calm my self down with positive self-talk. I would say things like, I know I better than this, don’t be angry, being angry is for the weak. For me just doing positive self talk is not enough for me when I am angry I would also have to squeeze a ball or do pushup. My favorite coping skill is to exercise, when I am finished exercising I am always to tired to be angry. In fact I would think hat it would be best for me to approach my supervisor another day. I think a more appropriate day would be on a Monday, when my supervisor is back from spending time with his family. Through my experience I have realized that if I want to have a effective conversation, having that conversation with someone on a Friday is not the best idea. Normally p eople are only focused on going home and being with their family on Fridays. I think that the least effective skill for me to use is journal writing because it just makes me even angrier that I am writing. I do not like to write or even type, but it is a necessity to studying in America so it something that I have to do but not want to do. 7.8 1) Preliminary notes July 26 2015 Presenting Concerns: Parents of a twelve year old boy are

Road to Independence Revolution Essay free essay sample

Road to Independence War is when the government tells you who the bad guy is. Revolution is when you decide for yourself. (Unknown) In the case of the American Revolution, the colonists decided for themselves and truly believed in the cause. The Colonists knew that change had to take place because of the unfair treatment they experienced. The American Revolution was a time where Colonists fought for what they believed in, independence, and when they broke away from England. Boycotts, holding Congresses, and forming patriotic groups were the three most effective actions Colonists took, that led to the American Revolution. The boycotts were an effective action the Colonists took, leading up to the Revolution. During the boycotts, Colonists refused to buy British and European goods in order to protest against the British acts. Aware of the growing opposition, Parliament repealed all the Townsend Acts, except the one on tea. As a result, Colonists ended their boycotts, and started to trade with British merchants again. Few years later, the Continental Congress decided to boycott all British goods and trade. No British product could be brought into or consumed in the colonies, and no colonial goods could be shipped to Britain.To protest the Stamp Act, thousands of Americans refused to buy British and European goods. They also signed importation agreements in which they pledged not to buy or use goods imported from Britain. As a result of boycotts, the Parliament canceled the remaining acts. In addition to the boycotts, Colonists also formed Congresses. Debating Proposals at the Continental Congresses led to the American Revolution. The colonial leaders need to unify the colonies against the British policies, led to the formation of congresses. The first congress was the Stamp Act Congress, assembled in October 1765.The Stamp Act placed tax on almost all printed materials in the colonies everything from newspapers and pamphlets to wills and playing cards. All printed materials had to have a stamp, which was applied by British officials. In October representatives from nine colonies met in New York at the Stamp Act Congress. They sent a petition to the king declaring that only colonial institutes should be allowed to apply taxes. In March 1766, Parliament gave in to the colonists demands and repealed the Stamp Act. In September 1 774, 55 men sent as delegates from all colonies except Georgia, to the city ofPhiladelphia for the First Continental Congress. These men had come to establish a political body to represent American interests and challenge British control. In this Congress, the delegates called to repeal 13 acts stating they violate the colonists rights. In addition, they voted to boycott all British goods and trade. One major decision was to endorse the Suffolk Resolves, which called the people of Suffolk Country, Massachusetts to fight against the redcoats. These armed groups were called militias. On May ID 1775, the Second Continental Congress assembled. That was the first Congress in which independence was discussed.It authorized the printing of money, and set up a post office. It also established committees to communicate with Native Americans and with other countries. Most important, the Congress created the Continental Army to fight against Britain in a more organized way than the colonial militias did. The Congress chose George Washington to be the Armys commander. The Second Continental Congress began to govern the colonies. King George Ill refused to receive the Olive Branch Petition a formal request; it assured the king of the colonists desire for peace. In addition to Congresses, colonists also formed patriotic groups to fight against Britain.Forming patriotic groups was an effective action that led to the American Revolution. Patriots formed two groups to fight against the redcoats, the Committees of Correspondence and the Sons of Liberty. The Son of Liberty was formed to protest the Stamp Act. In 1772, Samuel Adams formed the Committees of Correspondence to form communication between colonies of bad acts by British troops. The Committees of Correspondence spread throughout the colonies, bringing together protesters from all over the colonies. It also circulated writings about British injustice.Colonial leaders used news of the killing in the Boson Massacre as propaganda information designed to influence opinion -against British. As time went by, the group grew much larger than the nine people it started out with. The forming of patriotic groups helped to fight against the redcoats. These patriotic groups, like the Liberty, made Britain colonial officials nervous. Forming these patriotic groups was a major step in gaining Independence. Boycotts, holding Congresses, and forming patriotic groups were the three most effective actions Colonists took leading up to the American Revolution.The Boycotts were an effective action the Colonists took, leading up to the Revolution. Debating Proposals at the Continental Congresses led to the American Revolution. Forming patriotic groups was an effective action that led to the American Revolution. A spirit of Independence became obvious early in the history of the American people. Far from the established rules and limitations they had faced in their home countries, the new settlers began to make their own laws and develop their own ways of doing things.

Hi in Persepolis free essay sample

Use examples from the book citing page numbers. Analyze in depth. Focus on depth, not breadth. (No summaries or reviews. ) Stories should consider Satrapi’s style, substance and themes. Use dialog and convey with action and description what Satrapi does in pictures. Remember to indent with each new Themes for your story or essay: 1. Explore how conflicting extreme events shape a childhood such as loving parents, exile and war. In an Associated Press interview, Satrapi said, â€Å"The only thing I hope is that people will read my book and see that this abstract thing, this Axis of Evil, is made up of individuals with lives and hopes. And in her introduction to Persepolis, she explains that she wrote the book to show that Iran is not only a country of â€Å"fundamentalism, fanaticism, and terrorism. † Think about how Satrapi goes about challenging this myth? Does Persepolis dispel or confirm your views on Iran? In an ESSAY, think about ways does Persepolis deepens your understanding and knowledge of Iran. We will write a custom essay sample on Hi in Persepolis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In a STORY, challenge a social/cultural myth by showing the complex dynamics. 3. In an essay or story, explore the contrasts of captivity/freedom and oppression/resistance. What stifles or prevents people from being completely free? How do they circumvent and defy the rules imposed on them and attempt to live ordinary lives despite extraordinary circumstances? Give some examples of their small acts of rebellion. 4. Explore the social roles and restraints on woman in Persepolis. Compare and contrast the various women. In an essay focus on the women in the book. In a story, you can explore another social context in which women (or another group) navigate complex social roles. 5. Explore the themes of role models/heroes such as Uncle Anoosh’s and Grandmother. How do they shape Marji (in an essay) or your character (in your story). How are they inspiring and how are they hard to live up, potentially bringing shame? 6. Think about what Satrapi is suggesting about the relationship between past and present, and between national and personal history? What role does her family history, and the stories of her relatives, play in shaping Marji OR your character? 7. Write about the impact of social class. Consider what Satrapi depicts about disparity between the classes before and after the Iranian Revolution? In a story, depict social class shifts in our own society. 8. Towards the end of the book, Marjane refers to the people’s fear of the Islamic Commission: â€Å"It’s only natural! When we’re afraid, we lose all sense of analysis and reflection. Our fear paralyzes us. Besides, fear has always been the driving force behind all dictators’ repression†. In an essay, how do Marjane and her compatriots deal with fear in their daily lives? In a story, consider ways fear controls your characters? 9. Towards the end we have a portrait of a marriage. It’s demise is not painted as being the fault of one person or the other. From a psychological and social perspective, explore the marriage. A story can depict the demise or unlikely success of a complex relationship. 10. In the end, Marjane is caught between two worlds. Is she Iranian or European – or something else altogether? What is her ultimate decision and what meaning/s do you get out of it. Also, your story can explore navigating between two worlds or cultures. 11. Remember, I am open to your own ideas. Share them with me.

5 Ways to Write Advertisements for Children

5 Ways to Write Advertisements for ChildrenChildren can be very crafty and creative, and that is why children's ad copy needs to be written in such a way that the essay will be engaging. The first thing you need to keep in mind when writing a child's sample essay is that the essay should be age appropriate. This means it should have some universal language, but it should also have different terms for each grade level and age group.Using several different essays will help you find out what is working and what isn't. That is the main reason why you should choose a small group of essays, instead of just throwing a bunch of essays into one large group. You will be able to see if your children's writing is very well written and some children can have quite an artistic flair.It is vital that you know what the intent of the sample essay is so that you know how to build it around your child's opinion. The best example is the sample essay on the internet, which is about advertising to childre n. The person responsible for this essay had two simple tips to write for the essay, as well as the number of numbers of words they could use. You should take these ideas and add them to your own child's sample essay.Writing about advertising to children can be very interesting. As you will soon discover, it will require you to use different words and different combinations. One way to ensure that your children's essay is written well is to choose a different topic for the essay from time to time. As with everything else, it is up to you how many times you want to write a specific essay.The third tip is to break up the essay into a short section, about four to six lines, at most. This will allow you to more easily understand what the essay is about.The fourth tip for writing an essay for children is to choose a topic that is age appropriate. There are several different topics that will work well for this. For example, you may choose something that is related to computer programs and a game for girls or something that is similar to a magazine story. You may also choose an English lesson, or any topic that is age appropriate.The fifth tip for writing an essay for children is to choose a sample topic that is relevant to your child. One of the best examples is using a current movie that your child is fond of. Instead of going into the movie itself, you may go into a plot. You may even want to look at various character quotes and scenes.There are plenty of sample essays that you can look through on the internet, and you should try to find the one that you like best. Remember that while you are taking the time to write a writing sample for your child, you should not forget about the fact that your child will be reading the essay to their friends as well. This will give you the opportunity to highlight the achievements that you and your child are trying to achieve.

Legalities of School Personnel Administration free essay sample

Examines tort liability of schools teachers, federal intervention, examples, testing, discrimination, special education, teacher rights responsibilities, tenure, reforms. This research paper summarizes the legal aspects of personnel administration in the American public school system. It focuses primarily on the legal problems which arise out of the actions of school districts, administrators, teachers and students and their impact on those groups and on parents and the community. The public school system has become much more legally intensive because it is operating under very severe pressures and is undergoing significant changes. For the personnel or human relations function, the most important areas of concern are the following: (1) the tort liability of school districts, administrators and teachers under state law; (2) the effects on school liabilities and school discipline of the recent upsurge of

Special Effects essays

Special Effects essays When you see a commercial, and animals are talking to each other and having human expressions you think, how did they do that? The answer is special effects. When you look at commercials, movies, cartoons, all of them have some sort of special effect. With the technology becoming better we begin to see more and different types of special effects. As with the movie Toy Story, being created all by computer, it was the first of its kind. As the times and movies progressed we have seen the increased usage of special effects and the steady improvement of the quality of the special effects. If we did not use Special Effects the revolution of movies would be really slow and boring and movies would be really basic. With Special Effects in movies we can create endless possibilities and bring dreams, illusions, and fantasies to life. Using special effects, we have brought dinosaurs, aliens, and other monsters to life. We have destroyed cities, people, and planets with special effects also. With computers we are able to create sceneries we would never think possible. With the help of computers we can create people, buildings, animals, monsters, aliens, and many other creations. Our creations in the computers can come out to life with a touch of a button. Special Effects are both an art and a science. The "science" part involves the complete understanding of how the audio-visual sensory parts of our body and brain perceive the world around us, while the "art" part involves the strategic use of this information to fool the sensory system. Without knowing what special effects is, it would be hard to understand what is necessary and needed to produce a good movie with special effects. Now there are two basic kinds of effects, computer generated and humanized effects. Computer generated effects consist of the Blue Screen/Matte, Computer Animation, and Composting. A blue screen/matte is when the foreground and backgro...

Negotiation skill Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Negotiation skill - Essay Example The events that unfold in the incident begins in 1976 when Thomas K Seligman, the then curator-in-charge of Africa, Oceania, and the Americas for the museum, is informed about the bequeathing. He is shown Mr Wagner’s handwritten will stated that the deceased ‘hoped’ that the museum would pay all costs for settling his estate in return for the priceless murals. Mr Seligman is informed the museum’s lawyer said that this would give rise to certain ethical and legal problems with Mexico, the original source of the murals. A temporary solution was arrived at when Crocker Bank who was in charge of the assets of Mr Wagner and the other legatees agreed that the murals may be kept in the museum until a more permanent solution was arrived at. What follows next is an example of successful international negotiation that was to last for the next ten years. The problem referred to by the lawyer came about because in 1972, four years before the incident, the UNESCO had passed the â€Å"Convention on the. Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export, and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property." Its implications were relevant here because it was not sure whether the murals had been on American soil with the permission of the Mexican Government. This was further complicated by a treaty between the Mexican and US Governments called the â€Å"Treaty of Cooperation Providing for the Recovery and Return of Stolen Archaeological, Historical and Cultural Properties between the United States of America and the United Mexican States." The treaty gives special mention to wall art and there is no doubt as to the fact that murals are classified as wall art. Lengthy discussions were done with historians, other museum s and lawyers followed and what ultimately became clear was that no relevant precedents existed. One related incident involved a bronze of Nataraja that once belonged to a temple in South India

Contemporary Issues in Accounting Research Essay

Contemporary Issues in Accounting Research - Essay Example Defenders of financial reporting, on the other hand, said that the accounting standards did not cause the crisis; instead, bad credit management and illiquidity were the primary suspects for the financial crisis. Ignoring everything else, did financial reporting really cause the crisis? Or was it just a convenient scapegoat for those who really caused the crisis? This paper attempts to answer whether or not financial reporting really caused the financial crisis, in part or in whole. Defined by BusinessDictionary.com as a â€Å"period of general economic decline†, the world has seen higher unemployment rates, sluggish wages and decline in sales in the retail industry because of this financial recession. It also started a widespread blame game as to what or who caused the crisis. In a poll conducted by Time Magazine, there are said to be 25 people to blame for the crisis, including former US presidents, government officials, regulators, heads of financial institutions and even, the American consumers. In a March 31, 2009 article by MarketWatch.com, 80% of those who responded on the survey conducted by MarketWatch said the blame should be â€Å"on banks and other financial institutions†. Other people says that â€Å"economists must bear blame for recession† (Skidelsky, April 25, 2009) because of their push for deregulation and free market. Still others blame accounting rules; particularly the â€Å"mark-to-market accounting† (Kestenbaum , Oct. 29, 2008) rule, which when applied to the financial statements caused the financial position of the company to go down. Is financial reporting the reason behind the current financial crisis or the global financial recession? The straight answer from this writer is NO, financial reporting did not cause the crisis. However, to give weight to both sides, the following is a brief discussion on why experts think financial reporting is or is not to blame for the

Obesity in African American Culture Essay Example for Free

Obesity in African American Culture Essay Obesity has more that just a physical effect on the body. Obesity also greatly affects the mental and emotional part of the body as well. Although you cannot directly correlate metal and emotional health to obesity, you can see that its effects do in fact play a role in the mental and emotional health of an obese person. While the effects of obesity do indeed reach out to all races, it is easy to see that mental and emotional problems from obesity in the African American culture are present in the culture. Depression, anxiety, and discrimination, are all results that are caused by obesity in the African American community. Many people are familiar with depression, whether it be a friend or family member that went through it or that they themselves went though it. â€Å"Depression is a state of low mood and aversion to activity that can have a negative effect on a persons thoughts, behavior, feelings, world view and physical well-being† (Salmans 1997). African American obesity has a close tie with depression in African American people. When people are self-conscious about their weight they may think that people look down on them for this. This would cause them to think less of themselves or believe that others are better then them. In turn it can cause the obese African American to have a bad view of themselves, other people, and the world in general. This is exactly what depression is. You can see that depression can be caused by obesity in the African American culture. Anxiety is another emotional distress many people are familiar with. Anxiety is know as, â€Å"the displeasing feeling of fear and concern† (Davison 2008). Many people have felt the effects of anxiety in their own lives, whether it is before an important test, a speech in front of many people, or the big gam; many people feel anxiety. Looking only at anxiety caused by obesity in African American people is a different situation. Anxiety or nervousness before a big event is common and in many ways healthy because it motivates us to do the very best we can. Anxiety in African Americans because of obesity is not healthy; in fact it can be dangerous and destructive. By feeling displeased and concerned about their weight African Americans can struggle all through out life to over come these feelings. It could limit their goals and overall make them settle for less then they really can do. Anxiety do to obesity in the African American community is not a healthy and can severely constrain someone’s life. Discrimination in the African American community has always been a problem through out history. Slavery is a very obvious product of discrimination. Taking a more specific look at discrimination of the African American community because of obesity is a different situation. When people discriminate African Americans because of their weight it seriously prohibits their chances of succeeding in life. It could be in the work place or at school. By placing these barriers we are limiting the ability of the African American community and hurting their chances of having a successful and meaningful life. These mental and emotional effects of obesity in the African American community are unfair and wrong. People should not be judged on their weight. Davison, Gerald C. (2008). Abnormal Psychology. Toronto: Veronica Visentin. p. 154. ISBN 978-0-470-84072-6. Salmans, Sandra (1997). Depression: Questions You Have – Answers You Need. Peoples Medical Society. ISBN 978-1-882606-14-6.

Wind Power as an Alternative Energy Source Essay -- Energy Power Globa

Wind Power as an Alternate Energy Source Graphics not Included ABSTRACT The United States' main source of energy is currently fossil fuels. However, we know that fossil fuel supply continues to deplete and sooner or later, the United States will need to resort to a new source of energy. This report hopes to explore the advantages and disadvantages of wind power using model regions. These regions have experience in using wind power, which may help us determine whether or not it is a suitable source of energy when fossil fuels are completely drained. From examining Denmark and other places benefiting from this clean and unlimited source of wind power, we believe that the United States possesses enough wind, money, and other resources to use wind power as a main future source of energy. INTRODUCTION Wind is air with kinetic energy. It is formed at different positions on the Earth's surface. Warm air heated up by the sun expands and rises while cool air moves in to take its place creating winds. Wind is a renewable energy, which is means that as long as the sun is still shining, wind will remain. The use of windmills to slow down the speed of wind can generate electricity. The wind flowing through the blade causes lift; which in turn, makes the blades rotate. These blades are attached to a drive shaft, which is connected to an electric generator that creates electricity. See figure 1. QuickTime? and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. Fig 1(Wind Energy-Energy from Moving Air, 2005) Scientists say that there are many possible sites for windmills and that 37 states are capable of generating electricity through wind power (Wind Energy?Energy from Moving Air, 2005). An average wi... ...nergyfacts/sources/renewable/wind.html Willis, Bill (2002) Wind Power. WCS Science, retrieved August 1, 2005, from http://www.wcsscience.com/windpower/page.html DeLespinasse, Paul F. (January 2004) How Many Windmills Would $87 Billion Buy? Common Dreams NewsCenter, retrieved August 1, 2005, from http://www.commondreams.org/views04/0112-07 (no author) (no date) Food, Land, Population, and the U.S. Economy. CARRYING CAPACITY NETWORK, retrieved August 1, 2005, from http://www.carryingcapacity.org/resources.html (no author) (June 2005) North Dakota Wind Energy Development. American Wind Energy Association, retrieved August 2, 2005, from http://www.awea.org/projects/northdakota.html Akselsson, Mattias. (September 2004) The World's Leader in Wind Power. Scandinavica, retrieved August 2, 2005, from http://www.scandinavica.com/culture/nature/wind.htm

Kapshi Model Village Essay

About this document: It is about a remote village named Kapshi in Maharashtra. A group of us from IIT Bombay visited the village to learn about the progress that was achieved there. This document is hosted on my website: http://www.it.iitb.ac.in/~gumma I can be reached at gumma@it.iitb.ac.in Backdrop: Until about three years back, the village was experiencing severe drought conditions with no water availability during the dry periods. It was inspirational to witness the way villagers transformed their conditions with self-belief and a camaraderie that is worth emulating. 1 Efforts towards water conservation Kapshi experiences about 250-300 mm of rainfall every year, which occur in bursts of six to ten spells of rains from June to September. The water table of the region had dropped so low that the village reeled under severe drought conditions for three years an had to depend on the tanker water supply for their survival. Egged on by the volunteers of ‘Art of Living’ foundation, the villagers made collective efforts to raise the groundwater level and store the surface water for lean periods. ‘Bandharas’ or small check dams of about three feet high were constructed along a long undulating terrain stretching about 20 km, which was identified as the route of water run-off during monsoon by the Civil Engineers of the Government. Shrubs and trees along its path were cleared. About 20 such dams have been built entirely by weekly ‘Shram-daan’ by the villagers. There are two types of Bandharas :- ‘Kaccha-bandhara’- made up of layers of stones bounded by steel wire meshes to prevent their dislocation when faced with running water. Their primary purpose is to prevent hasty run-off of water thereby allowing it enough time for it to seep into the soil beneath. These measures have been helpful in raising the water table over a period of 2 years. 2)‘Pakka-bandhara’-constructed out of concrete and cement, they are about 3 feet high on the water facing side and 5 feet on the leeward side. The trenches between two such 5 feet walls are cement lined at the bottom to prevent seepage of water to the underground. The primary aim here is to store the rainwater for gradual subsequent use for farm purposes. It was built by government grant. However, by efficient measures employed by the villagers the job was done by spending just 2 out of 3 lacs sanctioned initially. The balance money is to be used for constructing two parallel dams adjacent to the main one to collect the subsequent overflows of water. 1 Wells and methods to augment underground storage The villagers have carefully dug wells of about 35 feet depth that capture water during the rainy season as well as underground seepage. Each well is equipped with a small pump used to water the adjoining fields. Some wells are also used to supply drinking water round the year. The water in these wells is first treated with Potassium Permanganate (lal goli) etc. before being used. Incidentally, this was the first year when Kapshi had to not take recourse to Municipal tanker supply of water. Apart from the wells a unique way of storing water was the ‘Underground Bandhara’. Using the knowledge of the terrain, and with the help of engineers from the Agricultural Department, a region of about 1 sq. km area under the surface was carved out for storing water that seeped underneath during the rainy season. To prevent run-off to lower lying areas and still deeper areas an L-shaped polythene sheet was layered along the storage area. The accumulated water could find its way to the nearby wells thereby providing replenishment to the wells from time to time. Apart from the Government grants some money was also provided by the ‘Art of Living’ foundation for these construction activities.(?) Continuous Contour Trenches (CCT) An example of first level water management, a wasteland of about ? acres was kept aside for contour irrigation. Concentric trenches were dug with intermittent planar land being cultivated with animal fodder. During the rainy season water flows into these contours and gets successively collected into the concentric trenches over a gradually sloping topography. It helps in gradually raising the water table of the area as well as preventing top soil erosion by hasty run-off of water. The planar surface between the two trenches is utilised ti grow fodder for the animals. This elaborate work was brought about under the Food-for-work programme run by the Government during the consecutive droughts the village faced. Each villager who contributed ‘shram-daan’ of 8 hrs. a day per year (6 months + 6 months over two years of dry spells) was given 25 kg of grains per ?. Waste Disposal One of the interesting features of Kapshi was that each house there was equipped with a toilet with an adjoining soak pit. The excreta from the toilets is collected into an underground and fully covered soak pit gradually over a period of 15 years. The soak pit has two chambers, which could be alternatively made use at the time of collection which is supposed to take 15 days. The collected excreta is anaerobically digested by microorganisms over a long period to convert it into a fine powdered manure that sells in adjoining markets of Pune at Rs 200 per kg. This arrangement provokes questions as to whether a similar arrangement could be worked out even in cities, given that Waste Disposal is a much more serious issue here, for eg., the waste generation far exceeds the average centralized treatment facility available in Mumbai and so most of the waste is dumped straight into the sea. This is just postponing the problem, as the waste is rich in organics and nitrates that cause severe water pollution. As Prof. Shankar puts it, a similar effort of treating waste at source in cities requires a change in mind-set that considers using excessive water to just push the waste into the sea as the ‘best’ option. Organic Manure and Biogas Cow dung collected from a few houses is put into a cylindrical steel tank put underground and mixed with water to make slurry. This slurry is kept under air-tight conditions. The anaerobic digestion process, called biomethanation, generates gobar gas over a period of ? days that is collected and used as fuel by the households. Typically, dung from 4 cows is sufficient to support 1 families fuel needs for ? days. Further, the left over byproduct of the above process is dried and put in farms as manure. This practice raises pertinent questions: – Is the left over cow dung byproduct better manure than the raw cow dung itself? Can vegetable and other straw waste be used as feed to these biogas plants or added to byproduct before putting into the field? Consultations with some of the professors in the Chemical Engg Dept seem to point at some answers: – Use of cow dung as feed for biogas plants seems to a necessary evil with the growing cheaper fuel demands of the villages. Actually, its usage in this form is wasteful as then valuable cellulose degrading bacteria, which fix Nitrogen required for plant growth, get killed. Further, the process generates NH3 and H2S in dissolved form which stay as unfixed and accumulate in the soil. Instead, employing cow dung directly to the farms (in solid form or pumping with water) is considered the best as it preserves the ruminant ecology (chains of interdependent microorganisms), so crucial for making nutrients of the soil available to the plants. This is why cow dung is referred to as just not a fertilizer but as a ‘bio-culture’. Mixing of vegetable and corn waste to the biogas by product and using it as a fertilizer is not a good idea because the left over is already rich in organics and addition of straw waste would only add more organics. Instead, powdered basaltic rock (found in plenty in that region) could be added to it, which would provide minerals to be used by the soil. A still better approach seems to use cow dung as such in the soil and add the powdered basaltic rock to it. Minerals that are otherwise in deficit in organic farming methods are provided by the powdered rock. The productivity in this manner seems to increase as per experience of farming in north Bihar and other river basins. Furthermore, straw and other vegetable waste could be used for biogas generation. However, this may require employing use of lignin (difficult to break) degrading enzymes, whose feasibility requires further investigation. 1 Burning of fodder grass and weeds A practice widely used across North India, was also seen here. Operational convenience and high costs of deweeding and degrassing seems to be one of the strong motivations behind this practice. It can, however, be argued that this is a wasteful process as the energy present in the weeds is simply wasted in the form of CO2 and released into the atmosphere. Instead, if these straws and grasses could be used in a biogas plant to generate biogas, it would serve twin benefits of fuel energy as well as obviating the use of cow dung for biogas purposes. Again, the feasibility of this process needs further investigation. There is also the other side to the practice of burning grasses. They generate, among other things, carcinogens like dioxins into the atmosphere. 1 Burning of polythene Plastics are accumulated over a period of time and burnt. This is dangerous as burning causes generation of toxic byproducts which are believed to be carcinogens and are much more difficult to biodegrade than the parent compounds. With the given limitations in technology it would be better to recycle them. For this a regularized dumping and collection system needs to be put in place along with the Municipality. Given the limitations of this option, it would be best to cut their use at source. 2 Organic Farming Being witness to the large sized onions that villagers in kapshi grow and having eaten the delicious food there, it can be said that organic agriculture has been one of their success stories. Use of natural fertilizers and insecticides primarily using cow dung and urine has made them successfully swith over to chemical free agriculture. The villagers, seem to be fully convinced that use of synthetic fertilizers and DDT etc. was a source of slow poisoning. Thier eagerness to get rid of this enabled them to willingly accept marginally low farm yields in the first year of switch over to new farming. Not only is the organic product bigger, it lasts longer and does not need elaborate storage facilities. Organic Farming, is in some way, like going back to the old ways of farming practiced since times immemorial up until 40 to 50 years back. People still recollect their grandmothers speaking about the quality. Taste, etc. of the vegetables and the grains used during their times. If this was so, then why was it that use of chemical fertilizers was resorted to in the first place. As Prof. Venkatesh puts it, Organic Farming is prone to contamination and spoilage by unknown pests or new strains of microorganisms which is why people tend to grow organic foods in protected environments or use insecticides to keep off all organisms. The demands of a rapidly growing population needed food grain production at a much faster pace than what was being achieved in the sixties. Led by the Western experience in this regard, the use of hybrid seeds with extensive fertilizer and pesticide use could achieve a marked rise in production, initially. Agriculture became water intensive that had its effect over the years in the form of receding water table. Further, synthetic fertilizers provide H+ions to the soil to solubilize the minerals present that could then be harvested by the plants. However, their use over a period destroyed the natural ecology that existed in the soil. In this manner useful microorganisms present in the roots of the plant were destroyed preventing natural nitrogen fixation and denitrification. With repeated use, it resulted in an ever-increasing dosage of the fertilizers. The increased usage ultimately resulted in the high acidity levels that are witnessed today in the soil, rendering the latter infertile. Having said this, resorting to farming is a risky proposition initially, but if persisted it seems to be a sure way of moving towards increased productivity over a longer period. In the present case, villagers learnt the techniques of organic farming from Mr. (Ramesh ?) Palekar of Amaravati in Andhra Pradesh. This included the right kind of dosage and timing of the manures to be administered to the land. Interestingly, snakes and farm cats are used as natural pesticides that eat away the rats that attack the standing crops and grains. It was heartening to see that the villagers seem satisfied with both the quality and quantity of their produce after the first year when the production was lower than what was obtained using inorganic fertilizer use. 3 Innovative Coconut scheme With financial aid from the Panchayat, each household planted a coconut tree by itself investing about Rs. 5-10 for the sapling. The balance money is to be gradually paid as taxes to the Panchayats beginning with the second year of plantation, with those owning a pukka house shelling out more tax than those with kuccha house (Progressive Taxation). As the tree grows, it was estimated to that the products of the coconut tree would fetch about Rs. 1000-2000 p.a. to each family. The choice of the coconut tree is interesting. Each part of the tree lends itself of use-stem, fruit, bark, etc, for various purposes. Moreover, coconut tree is relatively fast growing; its roots are small enough not to damage the foundations of the house. The water requirements for its growth can be met by channeling the water used for domestic washing purposes. 4 Desire for alternate energy sources The villagers were very keen on finding substitutes for their power needs. They do get about 6-10 hrs of electricity everyday but find the bills pretty hefty. Most of them were keen to know if they could instead use Solar Energy for street and other lighting purposes. With the discussions that followed thereafter with Prof Date and others, the use of Photo-voltaic cells as source of power seems to very costly and cannot be used. 5 Art of Living and its role Prime initiative: Dr. Paul, based in Phalton but makes weekly trips to the village to administer medical treatment to the villagers. Realised that the villagers needed to be brought together to solve their own problems. Himself. a beneficiary of the Art of Living courses, he convinced the foundation to start short Navchetana shivirs for people in the villages teaching some elementary pranayamas and doing satsang (devotional chanting in congregation). 6 villagers attended the first such camp and thereafter the chain began to grow. In his own words, Dr. Paul found that the villagers were very keen to take up responsibility and were mature enough to make sacrifices for the larger cause. Gradually, some villagers gave up intoxicating liquor and tobacco etc. and other malpractices. As one of the village eleders put it, the one-hr weekly congregational satsang was their way to realise themselves and forget petty issues. Moreover, the concept of ‘expanding your responsibilities’ imparted in these camps seems to have worked wonders in bridging the cast divide. However, in all fairness it must be mentioned that because of the progressive movements by Jyotiba Phule, MG Ranade etc. in parts of West Maharashtra over the past 100-150 years the general populace here is very mature and the caste rigidities are not as strong as in some other parts of the country. Distinctions do exist but they are only at the level of occupation. This aspect seemed to have helped Dr. Paul. The sarpanch of this village seems to be a man among the masses. He leads from the front and does shram-daan himself along with others in all the activities taken by villages. No wonder he was awarded the ‘Best Sarpanch of Maharashtra’ award last year. This tale from the village holds important pointers to people living in cities as well. Most problems could be dealt with at the micro level if conscious efforts are made towards them. Things like pranayama, faith, satsang spur discipline and send messages to place one’s action in a perspective. Such measures are long lasting, as they strike deep into the human psyche. With increased violence, insecurity and intolerance that is witnessed in the society today such measures suggest a way out. No wonder, increasingly people are resorting to them in the cities and in the West as well.